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Diabetes - Glucose Lowering Drugs to Prevent Diabetes
All diabetes prevention trials with drug therapies have reported a considerable reduction in the incidence of diabetes. In one study, biguanide metformin lowered the prevalence of diabetes by thirty one percent. In a second study, the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose reduced the prevalence by thirty two percent. In a third trial, the prevalence of diabetes was reduced by 56% when using the drug thiazolidinedione traglitazone. Further studies are currently being performed for the drugs acarbose and metformin.In the study for metformin, metformin was about 50% as effective as diet and exercise in delaying the onset of diabetes. Metformin was found to be very effective ineffective in the elderly and those that were moderately overweight. On the other hand, metformin was as successful as lifestyle change in subjects age twenty four to forty four or those with a body mass index greater than or equal to 35 kg/m2. Thu, the percentage of people for whom metformin therapy equaled behavior modification was only a minute subset of those likely to have IGT of IFG.
It is unclear whether other glucose reducing medications will prevent or delay diabetes. It is also to be determined whether other medications in the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor classes will produce the same positive results as the ones already investigated. Note that all of the drugs that have been investigated or are being investigated have considerable side effects associates with them. When taking any of these medications, the patients health changes must be closely monitored for any negative side effects. Your physician of diabetes care educator must assess which medication you should use or not use. Some diabetes medications are better at preventing, and some are better at delaying the onset of diabetes. Some of the latest studies suggest that ACE inhibitors may lower the risk of developing diabetes. More studies must be done to assess the efficacy of ACE inhibitors towards preventing diabetes.
Lifestyle or Medication?
Overall, the results suggest that a quality exercise program and diet modification produce better results than pharmacological interventions. The minimum amount of exercise needed to produce decent results would be at least 30 minutes per day. Also, the patient should reduce their body weight by at least 5% - 10% to reduce the likelihood of developing diabetes.
At this point in time, lifestyle modification has been shown to be the most effective means of preventing or treating diabetes with the fewest side effects.
Click below for some of our links about diabetes related problems and treatment options.
